Eğitim Öğretim İle İlgili Belgeler > Konu Anlatımlı Dersler > İngilizce Dersi İle İlgili Konu Anlatımlar

THIRD CONDITIONAL (İNGİLİZCE KONU ANLATIM)

Third conditional, İngilizce dilbilgisinde koşullu bir cümle yapısıdır. Bu yapı, geçmişte gerçekleşmemiş bir koşulun sonuçlarını ifade etmek için kullanılır. Genellikle hayal, üzüntü ya da pişmanlık gibi duyguları ifade etmek için kullanılır. Bu yapıya ait dört örnek cümleyi aşağıda inceleyebilirsiniz:

Ø  Eğer dün sınavı çalışsaydım, bugün daha iyi bir not alırdım.

Ø  (If I had studied for the exam yesterday, I would have gotten a better grade today.)

Ø  Eğer zamanında uçağı kaçırmasaydık, şu anda tatilin keyfini çıkarıyor olurduk.

Ø  (If we hadn't missed the plane in time, we would be enjoying our vacation right now.)

Ø  Eğer daha fazla para biriktirebilseydim, o harika seyahati planlayabilirdim.

Ø  (If I could have saved more money, I could have planned that wonderful trip.)

Ø  Eğer annem bana daha önce haber verseymiş, onun doğum gününü unutmazdım.

Ø  (If my mother had told me earlier, I wouldn't have forgotten his birthday.)

v  Bu cümlelerde, "if" (eğer) ve "had + past participle" (geçmiş zamanın üçüncü hali) yapıları kullanılarak bir koşul ve bu koşulun gerçekleşmemesi durumunda ortaya çıkacak sonuç ifade edilmektedir.

   In a Type 3 conditional sentence, the tense in the 'if' clause is the past perfect, and the tense in the main clause is the perfect conditional:

In these sentences, the time is past, and the situation is contrary to reality. The facts they are based on are the opposite of what is expressed.

Type 3 conditional sentences, are truly hypothetical or unreal, because it is now too late for the condition or its result to exist. There is always an unspoken "but..." phrase:

·         If I had worked harder I would have passed the exam
(but I didn't work hard, and I didn't pass the exam).

·         If I'd known you were coming I'd have baked a cake
(but I didn't know, and I haven't baked a cake).

NOTE:

Both would and had can be contracted to 'd, which can be confusing. Remember that you NEVER use would in the IF-clause, so in the example above, "If I'd known" must be "If I had known", and "I'd have baked" must be "I would have baked.."

Examples:

a. If I'd known you were in hospital, I would have visited you.
b. I would have bought you a present if I'd known it was your birthday.
c. If they'd had a better goalkeeper they wouldn't have lost the game.
d. If you had told me you were on the Internet, I'd have sent you an e-mail.
e. Would you have bought an elephant if you'd known how much they eat?

If Clauses: Past Unreal Conditional

Geçmişte olmuş olayların tersini düşünüp bir koşul ileri sürmek ve bu koşulun sonucunu ifade etmek için kullanılır.

v       I didn’t study for the test, so I failed it. (Olay geçmişte olmuştur.Olayın tersini  şu an konuşmaktayız)

If I had studied for the test, I wouldn’t have failed it.

v       She was late for school, because she didn’t go to bed early.(Olay geçmişte olmuştur.Olayın tersini  şu an konuşmaktayız)

She wouldn’t have been late for school if she had gone to bed early.

v       My parents didn’t let me go out so I couldn’t go to cinema with you. (Olay geçmişte olmuştur.Olayın tersini  şu an konuşmaktayız)

If my parents had let me go out , I could have gone  to cinema with you.

v       If I had known that you were coming I would have met you at the airport.

v       If we had had another referee, we would have won the match.

Kullanılabilecek Yapılar:

v       If I had had time, I might have gone with you.

v       If you had told me, I could have helped you.

v       If the teacher had helped me, I wouldn’t have had to go the library.

v       If they had (bilgi yelpazesi. com) informed me before, they wouldn’t have still been waiting there.

v       If I hadn’t had to get up early this morning, I would have slept more.

v       If she had been listening to me, she wouldn’t have had any problems in the exam.